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Good Samaritan Laws Protect AED Users

State-by-state listing

What Is A "Good Samaritan Law?"

Good Samaritan laws:

  • Help protect rescuers voluntarily helping a victim in distress from being successfully sued in tort (i.e. for wrongdoing).

  • Are designed to encourage people to help a stranger who needs assistance by reducing or eliminating the fear that, if they do so, they will suffer possible legal repercussions in the event that they inadvertently make a mistake in treating the victim.

  • Were primarily developed for first aid situations.

  • Differ from state to state

    • Most states require that the victim not object to receiving aid, but do not the victim's consent (which, of course, could not be given if the victim was unconscious).

    • The laws of some states, such as Nevada, apply to all citizens.

    • The laws of other states, such as California, are written specifically for physicians.

The statutes listed below use similar or identical basic standard for assessing the liability of persons rendering emergency medical care:

"Any person who, in good faith, renders emergency medical care or assistance to an injured person at the scene of an accident or other emergency without the expectation of receiving or intending to receive compensation from such injured person for such service, shall not be liable in civil damages for any act or omission, not constituting gross negligence, in the course of such care or assistance."

Relevant individual state statutes are as follows:

Alabama

Ala. Code §6-5-332 (1975)
Ala. Code §6-5-332.3 (1999)(AED use)

  • Provides immunity for lay rescuers but no extended immunity;

  • Provides immunity for AED acquirers and enablers; and

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training at AHA, ARC or other recognized course.

Alaska

Alaska Stat. §09.65.090 (Michie 2000)
Alaska Stat. §18.08.086 (Michie 2000)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers; and

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training at AHA, ARC or other nationally recognized course

Arizona

Ariz. Rev. Stat. §2263 (2000) Gen. Stat.
Ariz. Rev. Stat. §2262 (2000)(Use & training AED req)
Ariz. Rev. Stat. §2264 (2000)(AED exemption)
Ariz. Rev. Stat. §2261 (2000) AED def.
Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. §36.2263 (2002)

Arkansas

Ark. Code Ann. §17-95-101 (Michie 1999) Gen.
Ark. Code Ann. §17-95-605 (Michie 1999) AED.

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers of AEDs

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training.

California

Cal. Health and Safety Code §1317 (1973)
Cal. Civ. §1714-21 (West 2000)(AED Immunity)
Cal. Health & Safety §1797.190 (West 2000)(Reqmts for owners of AED, penalties for violators)
Calif. Bus & Prof. Code § (West 2000)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers of AED

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training to AHA or ARC standards

Colorado

Colo. Rev. Stat. §13.21-108 (1997)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Encourages/requires training CPR & AED training.

Connecticut

Conn. Gen. Stat. §52-557b(2000)

  • Provides immunity to rescuers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training to AHA and ARC standards.

Delaware

Del. Code Ann. Tit.24 §1767 (1975)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers through existing Good Samaritan Statute.

District of Columbia

D.C. Code Ann. §7-401(1981)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers.

Florida

Fla. Stat. Ann. §401.2915 (West 2000)(Training & contact EMS reqs.)
Fla. Stat. Ann. §768.13 (West 2000)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training.

Georgia

Ga. Code Ann. §51-1-29 (1982)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for AED acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training approved by Dept. of Human Resources

Hawaii

Haw. Rev. Stat. §663-1.5(1969)
Haw. Rev. Stat. §453-2 (1999)(License Req.)
Haw. Rev. Stat. §457-8 (1999)(License Req.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers of AED but not for trainers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training under an AED program administered by a physician

Idaho

Idaho Code §39-7113 (1948)
Idaho Code §5-330 (1999)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training

Illinois

745 Ill. Comp. Stat. 49.12 (West 2000)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for AED acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CRP & AED training at AHA standard

Indiana

Ind. Code Ann. §15-5-1.1-31 (1977)
Ind. Code Ann. §34-4-12.1 (West 2000)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training -national or state approved course

Iowa

Iowa Code §613.17 (1982)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides same immunity for rescuers as for other EMS providers

  • Does not provide rescuers immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training approved by Dept. of Public Health

Kansas

Kan. Stat. Ann. §65-2891 (1965)
Kan. Stat. Ann. §65-2981 (1999)
Kan. Stat. Ann. §65-6128 (1999)
Kan. Stat. Ann. §65-6129(b) (1999)(Certification necessary)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • No immunity provided for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages some training elements, including first aid and proficiency in AED

Kentucky

Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. §311.668 (2000)
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. §411.148 (Banks-Baldwin 1999)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED Training such as AHA, ARC or other nationally recognized training course.

Louisiana

La. Rev. Stat. Ann. §37.1732 (West 1984)
La. Rev. Stat. Ann. §9.2793 (West 2000)(Gratuitous Service Immunity)
La. Rev. Stat. Ann. §40.1236.14 (West 2000)(AED Immunity)
La. Rev. Stat. Ann. §40.1236.13 (West 2000)(Training Req.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Encourages/requires AHA or other nationally recognized course

Maine

Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. §32-93 (1985)
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. Tit. 14 §164 (West 2000)(Gen., Stat)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

Maryland

Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Pro. §5-603 (1982)(Gen. Stat)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers, except trainees

  • Encourages CPR & AED Training

Massachusetts

Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. Ch. 12 §111c, 112 (2000)(AED Stat)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers-MD, Acquirer

  • Encourages/requires AHA or ARC guidelines training

Michigan

Mich. Stat. Ann. §691.1501 (1987)
Mich. Comp. Laws §333.70965(2) (1999)(AED Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers - acquirer, MD, Trainer

Minnesota

Minn. Stat. §604.A.01 (1994)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers as part of a Good Samaritan

Mississippi

Miss. Code Ann. §73-25-37 (1962)(amended 2000)

  • Immunity provided for trained responders

  • Immunity provided for trainers and MD's only as Acquirers and Enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR and AED training

Missouri

Mo. Rev. Stat. §190.092 (2000)(AED Immunity)
Mo. Rev. Stat. §537.037 (1979) Gen. Stat.

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Does not provide immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR and AED training

Montana

Mont. Code. Ann. §27-1-714(1963) Gen. Stat.
Mont. Code. Ann. 50-6-505 (2000)(AED Limited Liability)
Mont. Code. Ann. 50-6-501 (2000)(AED Def.)
Mont. Code. Ann. 50-6-502 (2000)(Req. for AED use)
Mont. Code Ann. 50-6-503 (2000)(Training Reqmts)
Mont. Code Ann. 27-1-186 (2000)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED Training

Nebraska

Neb. Rev. St. §71-5194 (1997)
Neb. Rev. St. §71-5178 (2000)(AED Plan)
Neb. Rev. St. §71-51,102 (2000)(AED Def.)
Neb. Rev. St. §25-21-186 (2000)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Does not provide immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED Training

Nevada

Nev. Rev. Stat. §41.500 (1963)
Nev. Rev. Stat. §41.500.8 (2000)(AED User Limited Liability)
Nev. Rev. Stat. §41.506 (2000)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provided immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers, except physicians

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training- AHA or ARC standards

New Hampshire

N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:12 (1997)(Gen. Stat.)
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 153-A:11(2000)(AED Exception to Liability)
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §153-A:28 (2000)(intent)
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §153-A:29 (2000)(def.)
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §153-A:30 (2000)(raining)
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §153-A:31 (2000)(AED limited liability)
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §508.12-a(2000)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training

New Jersey

N.J. Stat. Ann. §2A:62A (1963)
N.J. Stat. Ann. §2A:2A-23 (West 2000)(Legis. findings on AED)
N.J. Stat. Ann. §2A-62A-24 (West 2000)(AED Def.)
N.J. Stat. Ann. §2A-62A-25 (West 2000)(Req. of Acquisition of AED)
N.J. Stat. Ann. §2A:62A-26 (West 2000)(Cert for use)
N.J. Stat. Ann. §2A:62A-27 (West 2000)(AED Civil Liab.)
N.J. Stat. Ann. §2A-62A-1 (West 2000)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • For AED in business/comm.

  • Sites require company to have plan In place before doctor will prescribe AED.

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED Training

New Mexico

N.M. Stat. Ann. §24-10B-4M (Michie 2000)(AED Plan)
N.M. Stat. Ann. §24-10C-2 (Michie 2000)(Legis. Findings)
N.M. Stat. Ann. §24-10C-3 (Michie 2000)(AED Def.)
N.M. Stat. Ann. §24-10C-4 (Michie 2000)(AED Req.'s for use)
N.M. Stat. Ann. § 24-10-3 (Michie 2000)(Gen. Stat)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provided immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires nationally recognized courses on CPR & AED

New York

N.Y. Pub. Health Law §3000-a(McKinney 2000)(AED User Immunity)
N.Y. Pub. Health Law §3000-b(McKinney 2000)(AED Def.)
N.Y. Pub. Health Law §3013 (McKinney 2000)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED Training

North Carolina

N.C. Gen. Stat. §90-21.14 (1975)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training

North Dakota

N.D. Cent. Code §32-03 (1987)
N.D. Cent. Code §32-03-40(1999)(Emergency Treatment Immunity)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training

Ohio

Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §2305.23 (1977)
Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §3701.85 (Anderson 2000)(Duty of AED Owner)
Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §4765.36 (Anderson 2000)(First Responder Def.)
Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §4765.37 (Anderson 2000)(EMT Def.)
Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §4765.49 (Anderson 2000)(Immunities)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for physician and trainer

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED but does not tie training to Immunity

Oklahoma

Okla. Stat. Tit. 76 §5 (1979) Gen. Stat.
Okla. Stat. Tit. 76 §5A (2000)(AED User Immunity)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Encourages/requires CPR and AED training

Oregon

Or. Rev. Stat. §30.801 (1999)(AED User Immunity)
Or. Rev. Stat. §30.800 (1999)(Emer. Assist. Immunity)
Or. Rev. Stat. §682.135 (1999)(Req. for License)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers, trainers and MDs.

  • Encourages/requires course approved by Health Division of Dept. of Dept of Human Resources

Pennsylvania

PA. Cons. Stat. Ann. Tit. 42 §8331 (1978)(Gen. Stat.)(Amended 2000 for AED user immunity)

  • Provides immunity for Rescuers

  • Does not provide immunity for acquirers and enablers

Rhode Island

R.I. Gen. Laws §9-1-34 (2000)(AED User Immunity)
RI Gen. Laws §23.6.2.2 (2000)(Approving Placement of AED's)
RI Gen. Laws §23-6.2-1 (2000)(Decl. Of RI Policy on AED's)
RI Gen. Laws §9-1-27.1 (1953)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers (trainers and medical directors only)

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training to AHA or ARC standards

South Carolina

S.C. Code Ann. §44-76-10 (Law Co-op 2000)(AED Act)
S.C. Code Ann. §44-76-20 (Law Co-op 2000)(AED Def.)
S.C. Code Ann. §44-76-30 (Law Co-op 2000)(Training)
S.C. Code Ann. §44-76-40 (Law Co-op 2000)(User Immunity)
S.C. Code Ann. §44-76-50 (Law Co-op 2000)(Applicability of Act)
S.C. Code Ann. §15-1-310 (1962)(Gen. Stat)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers of AEDS and prescribing

  • Physicians; no immunity for trainers

  • Encourages/recommends AHA or ARC standards of training

South Dakota

S.D. Codified Laws §20-9-3 (1968)
S.D. Codified Laws §20-9-4.3 (Michie 2000)(AED Def.)
S.D. Codified Laws §20-9-4.4 (Michie 2000)(AED User Immunity)
S.D. Codified Laws §20-9-4.6 (Michie 2000)(AED Trainer Immunity)
S.D. Codified Laws § 20-9-4.7 (Michie 2000)(Owner Notification Requirements)
S.D. Codified Laws §20-9-4.1 (Michie 2000)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training

Tennessee

Tenn. Code Ann. §63-6-218 (1963)
Tenn. Code Ann. §68-140-701-68-140-710 (1999)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training

Texas

Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann. §779.006 (West 2000)(AED immunity)
Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann. §779.001 (West 2000)(AED definition)
Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann. §779.002(West 2000)(AED training)
Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann. §779-003 (West 2000)(AED maintenance)
Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann. §779.004 (West 2000)(AED use)
Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann. §779.005 (West 2000)(Not. Reqs.)
Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann. §779-006 (West 2000)(Owner Reqs.)
Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. §74-74.001 (West 1977)(Liability Immunity)
Tex. Civ. Prac. & Tem. Code Ann. § 74.002 (West 2000)(Lic. Req.)

  • Provides immunity only for trained users

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR and AED training approved by the Department of Health

Utah

Utah Code Ann. §78-11-22 (1953)
Utah Code Ann. §58-31b-701 (1999)(AED User Immunity)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for healthcare providers providing instruction on use of AEDs

  • Encourages/Requires CPR & AED training under AHA guidelines

Vermont

VT. Stat. Ann. Tit. 78 §11-22(1977)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

Virginia

Va. Code Ann. §8.01-225 (1967)(Gen. Stat.)
Va. Code Ann. §8.01-225.A.6 (Michie 1999)(AED User Indemnity)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Providers immunity for AED acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training

Washington

Wash. Rev. Code §70.136.070 (1987)(Gen. Stat.)
Wash. Rev. Code §70-54.310 (1999)(Immunity for AED User)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers of AEDs and enablers

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training per AHA guidelines

West Virginia

W. Va. Code Ann. §55-7-15 (1966)(Gen. Stat.)
W. Va. Code §16-4D-4 (1999)(AED User limitation on Liability)
W.Va. Code §16-4D-1 (1999)(Legis. Findings)
W.Va. Code §16-4D-2 (1999)(AED Def.)
W.Va. Code §16-4D3 (1999)(Early AED programs)
W.Va. Code §55-7-15 (1999)(Gen. Stat.)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquirers and enablers

  • Encourages/requires training at CPR & AED training at AHA Standards

Wisconsin

Wis. Stat. §895.48 (1977)(Limitations on liability)
Wis. Stat. §146.50 (2000)(AED Def.)

  • Provides immunity for trained rescuers

  • Provides immunity for providers, owner and trainers for AED device

  • Encourages/requires training approved by Dept. of Health And Family Services

Wyoming

Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 35-26-103 (Michie 2000)(AED Limited Liability)
Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 35-26-101 (Michie 2000)(AED Def.)
Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 35-26-102 (Michie 2000)(AED use)
Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-1-120 (1977)(Gen. Stat.)
Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 33-36-108 (Michie 2000)(Gen. Exemptions)

  • Provides immunity for rescuers

  • Provides immunity for acquires and enablers of AED

  • Encourages/requires CPR & AED training

Source: American Reserve Corp. July 2003